diff --git a/plugins/layout_replicator/__init__.py b/plugins/layout_replicator/__init__.py
index 9240046..a248160 100644
--- a/plugins/layout_replicator/__init__.py
+++ b/plugins/layout_replicator/__init__.py
@@ -19,32 +19,64 @@ def get_sheets(board):
 
 
 def get_sheet_fps(board, sheet_name):
+	"""Direct children of sheet_name only."""
 	return [fp for fp in board.GetFootprints() if fp.GetSheetname() == sheet_name]
 
 
-def local_uuid(fp):
-	"""Last segment of the hierarchical path — same across all instances of a sheet."""
+def get_sheet_prefix(board, sheet_name):
+	"""Return the path prefix for sheet_name, e.g. '/uuid_sheet/'.
+	Determined from any direct child component of that sheet."""
+	for fp in board.GetFootprints():
+		if fp.GetSheetname() == sheet_name:
+			path = fp.GetPath().AsString()
+			parts = [p for p in path.split('/') if p]
+			if parts:
+				return '/' + '/'.join(parts[:-1]) + '/'
+	return None
+
+
+def get_sheet_fps_hierarchical(board, sheet_prefix):
+	"""All components whose path starts with sheet_prefix (includes sub-sheets)."""
+	return [fp for fp in board.GetFootprints()
+	        if fp.GetPath().AsString().startswith(sheet_prefix)]
+
+
+def local_key(fp, sheet_prefix):
+	"""Path relative to the sheet prefix — used to match components across instances.
+	For direct children: 'uuid_sym'.
+	For sub-sheet children: 'uuid_subsheet/uuid_sym'."""
 	path = fp.GetPath().AsString()
-	parts = [p for p in path.split('/') if p]
-	return parts[-1] if parts else ''
+	return path[len(sheet_prefix):]
 
 
-def build_uuid_map(footprints):
-	return {local_uuid(fp): fp for fp in footprints}
+def build_key_map(footprints, sheet_prefix):
+	return {local_key(fp, sheet_prefix): fp for fp in footprints}
 
 
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Transform
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-def apply_replication(board, source_sheet, target_sheet, ref_fp):
-	source_fps = get_sheet_fps(board, source_sheet)
-	target_fps = get_sheet_fps(board, target_sheet)
+def apply_replication(board, source_sheet, target_sheet, ref_fp, hierarchical=False):
+	src_prefix = get_sheet_prefix(board, source_sheet)
+	tgt_prefix = get_sheet_prefix(board, target_sheet)
 
-	target_map = build_uuid_map(target_fps)
-	ref_uuid = local_uuid(ref_fp)
+	if src_prefix is None or tgt_prefix is None:
+		raise ValueError('Could not determine sheet path prefix')
 
-	target_ref = target_map.get(ref_uuid)
+	if hierarchical:
+		source_fps = get_sheet_fps_hierarchical(board, src_prefix)
+		target_fps = get_sheet_fps_hierarchical(board, tgt_prefix)
+	else:
+		source_fps = get_sheet_fps(board, source_sheet)
+		target_fps = get_sheet_fps(board, target_sheet)
+
+	target_map = build_key_map(target_fps, tgt_prefix)
+	ref_key = local_key(ref_fp, src_prefix)
+
+	# ref_fp is from the source sheet, so its key uses src_prefix.
+	# Find the matching component in target using tgt_prefix.
+	target_ref = target_map.get(ref_key)
 	if target_ref is None:
 		raise ValueError('Could not find matching reference component in target sheet')
 
@@ -58,10 +90,10 @@ def apply_replication(board, source_sheet, target_sheet, ref_fp):
 
 	count = 0
 	for src_fp in source_fps:
-		uuid = local_uuid(src_fp)
-		if uuid == ref_uuid:
+		key = local_key(src_fp, src_prefix)
+		if key == ref_key:
 			continue
-		tgt_fp = target_map.get(uuid)
+		tgt_fp = target_map.get(key)
 		if tgt_fp is None:
 			continue
 
@@ -115,6 +147,9 @@ class Layout_Replicator_Dialog(wx.Dialog):
 
 		sizer.Add(grid, 0, wx.EXPAND | wx.ALL, 8)
 
+		self.hierarchical_cb = wx.CheckBox(self, label='Include sub-sheets (hierarchical)')
+		sizer.Add(self.hierarchical_cb, 0, wx.LEFT | wx.BOTTOM, 8)
+
 		# Reference component list
 		sizer.Add(
 			wx.StaticText(self, label='Reference component (from source sheet):'),
@@ -186,9 +221,10 @@ class Layout_Replicator_Dialog(wx.Dialog):
 			return
 
 		ref_fp = self._ref_fps[ref_idx]
+		hierarchical = self.hierarchical_cb.IsChecked()
 
 		try:
-			count = apply_replication(self.board, source_sheet, target_sheet, ref_fp)
+			count = apply_replication(self.board, source_sheet, target_sheet, ref_fp, hierarchical)
 			self.status.SetLabel(f'Done — {count} component(s) placed.')
 		except Exception:
 			self._show_error(traceback.format_exc())