diff --git a/crates/frontend/src/ast.rs b/crates/frontend/src/ast.rs
index 94d6ff6..904651b 100644
--- a/crates/frontend/src/ast.rs
+++ b/crates/frontend/src/ast.rs
@@ -72,13 +72,19 @@ pub fn items<'db>(db: &'db dyn Database, file: workspace::File) -> Vec<ItemMeta<
 
 /// Parses an [ItemMeta] into its corresponding [Item].
 pub fn item<'db>(db: &'db dyn Database, meta: ItemMeta<'db>) -> WithAst<Item<'db>> {
-    match meta.kind(db) {
-        ItemKind::Relation => todo!(),
-        ItemKind::TypeAlias => todo!(),
-        ItemKind::Import => todo!(),
-        ItemKind::Rule => todo!(),
-        ItemKind::Assumption => todo!(),
-    }
+    use Item::*;
+
+    let ast = meta.ast(db);
+
+    let item = match meta.kind(db) {
+        ItemKind::Relation => Relation(relation(db, ast)),
+        ItemKind::TypeAlias => TypeAlias(type_alias(db, ast)),
+        ItemKind::Import => Import(import(db, ast)),
+        ItemKind::Rule => Rule(rule(db, ast)),
+        ItemKind::Assumption => Assumption(assumption(db, ast)),
+    };
+
+    WithAst::new(ast, item)
 }
 
 /// Common information on top-level items.
@@ -106,6 +112,12 @@ pub enum Item<'db> {
     Assumption(Assumption<'db>),
 }
 
+/// Parses [Relation] from an [AstNode].
+#[salsa::tracked]
+pub fn relation<'db>(db: &'db dyn Database, ast: AstNode) -> Relation<'db> {
+    todo!()
+}
+
 /// A definition of a relation.
 #[salsa::tracked]
 pub struct Relation<'db> {
@@ -122,6 +134,12 @@ pub struct Relation<'db> {
     pub ty: WithAst<Type>,
 }
 
+/// Parses [TypeAlias] from an [AstNode].
+#[salsa::tracked]
+pub fn type_alias<'db>(db: &'db dyn Database, ast: AstNode) -> TypeAlias<'db> {
+    todo!()
+}
+
 /// An abstract type alias (syntax representation).
 #[salsa::tracked]
 pub struct TypeAlias<'db> {
@@ -132,18 +150,68 @@ pub struct TypeAlias<'db> {
     pub ty: WithAst<Type>,
 }
 
+/// Parses [Rule] from an [AstNode].
+// TODO: after confirming that syntax is desirable, parse negation syntax
+#[salsa::tracked]
+pub fn rule<'db>(db: &'db dyn Database, ast: AstNode) -> Rule<'db> {
+    let relation = ast.expect_field(db, "relation").with_contents(db);
+    let head = expr(db, ast.expect_field(db, "head"));
+    let body = ast.get_field(db, "body").map(|ast| rule_body(db, ast));
+    Rule::new(db, relation, head, body)
+}
+
 /// An abstract rule.
 #[salsa::tracked]
-pub struct Rule<'db> {}
+pub struct Rule<'db> {
+    /// The name of the relation this rule stores to.
+    pub relation: WithAst<String>,
+
+    /// The expression making up this rule's head.
+    pub head: Expr,
+
+    /// This rule's body.
+    pub body: Option<RuleBody<'db>>,
+}
+
+/// Parses [Import] from an [AstNode].
+#[salsa::tracked]
+pub fn import<'db>(db: &'db dyn Database, ast: AstNode) -> Import<'db> {
+    todo!()
+}
 
 /// An abstract import item.
 #[salsa::tracked]
 pub struct Import<'db> {}
 
+/// Parses [Assumption] from an [AstNode].
+#[salsa::tracked]
+pub fn assumption<'db>(db: &'db dyn Database, ast: AstNode) -> Assumption<'db> {
+    todo!()
+}
+
 /// An abstract assumption.
 #[salsa::tracked]
 pub struct Assumption<'db> {}
 
+/// Parses a rule body.
+// TODO: parallelize?
+#[salsa::tracked]
+pub fn rule_body<'db>(db: &'db dyn Database, ast: AstNode) -> RuleBody<'db> {
+    let clauses = ast
+        .get_fields(db, "clause")
+        .map(|clause| expr(db, clause))
+        .collect();
+
+    RuleBody::new(db, clauses)
+}
+
+/// An abstract rule body.
+#[salsa::tracked]
+pub struct RuleBody<'db> {
+    /// Each clause in the body.
+    pub clauses: Vec<Expr>,
+}
+
 /// Parse an expression from the AST.
 #[salsa::tracked]
 pub fn expr(db: &dyn Database, ast: AstNode) -> Expr {
@@ -222,7 +290,7 @@ impl ir::ProgramInfo for AstProgramInfo {
 }
 
 /// Extra [ExprKind] variants in the parse stage.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
 pub enum ExprExtra {
     /// A structured tuple of sub-expressions.
     Tuple(Vec<Expr>),